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J. PERNA.

EXCAVATOR AND HOIST AND TRAVELER 0R TROLLEY THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I. 1917- Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

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I. PERNA.

EXCAVATOR AND HOIST AND TRAVELER 0R TROLLEY THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR-1,1917.

' Patented Aug. 12, 1919.

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JOSEPH PEENA, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

EXCAVATOR AND HoIsT AND TRAVELER on TEoLLEY THEREFOR.

Application filed. March 1, 1917. Serial No. 151,800.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH PERNA, a cltizen of the United States, residing at Philain the county of Philadelphia and delphia have invented new State of Pennsylvania, and useful Improvements in Excavators and Hoists and Travelers or Trolleys Therefor, of which the following is a specification."

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in excavators and hoists and travelers or trolleys therefor, and has for its object to provide a device of this character especially adapted for use in excavating trenches, in which pipes, conduits or sewers are to be laid or constructed, the soil being removed from one point and carried over the heads of the laborers and then dumped in the trench at a point where the work has been completed to refill or backfill the trench T or to remove the soil in digging the trench and dump it into vehicles or upon the ground at a point some distance from the excavation. V

A further object of the invention is to provide a frame mounted on wheels, whereby the same may be readily moved as the work progresses, said frame carrying supporting and operating mechanisms and a rigid flanged track in the form of an' I beam, on which is mounted a traveler or trolley provided with the necessary sheaves over which run the different cables for sup porting and operating a bucket preferably of the clam shell construction, said traveler or trolley also carrying locking and supporting means, whereby the weight of the loaded bucket is supported upon the traveler or trolley, thereby relieving the hoisting cable of an undue strain. 7

Another object of the invention is to ut,

vide in combination a trolley or traveler having a pair of pivoted or hinged traps or locking members adapted to be act'uated'at certain times by means of a cone operating member mounted upon the hoisting cable, and at other times by means of a'lever pivoted on one of the trunnions of one of the traps. r

With these ends in view, my invention consists 'in the details of construction and combination of elements hereinafter set forth and then specifically designated by the claims. V

In order that those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains may understand how tomake and use the same, I will Fig. 2.

is being refilled. I

laid along the line or route 7 a steam engine Specification of Letters Patent; Patented-Aug.12, 1919.

describe its construction in detail, referring by numerals to the accompanying drawing'sfl forming a part of this application, in whichy i "Figure 1, is aside elevation-of my improvedfe'xcavator and hoist, showing" it above a trench, which is illustrated in section.

Fig. 2, is-an enlarged vertical sectional trolley, showing it mounted upon' a section of the track and 1 illustrating the position of the different view of the traveler or cables thereto.

Fig. 3, is an end viewthereof.

' Fig. 4, is a section at the line 4-4 of Fig.v 2;and I Q 7 7 5, is a section at the line 5-5 of r Fig.

In carryingout my invention as here embodied 2 represents a trench which is being excavated for thevlaying of a sewer, conduit or other pipe 3. The work of putting in the shoring 4: and laying the pipe3'is carried on in that part ofthe trench which has been excavated and lies between the point where the excavating is being done 1 and the point or part of the trench which A track 5 is of the work and on this track run the flanged wheels 6 carried by the frame 7.

Said frame supports a rigid flanged track 8 preferably in the form of an I beam adjacent its upper end and throughout the one of the Asupports to the lower portion at one end a hoistingmechanism 9 having of the frame beneath the hoisting mecha- 1i nism.

plates 18 spaced apart the proper distance and rigidly held in positionby suitable brace rods .19 located in different positions; To

' said plates adjacent their upper ends are secured short axles 20, the same being at,-

tached to the plates in any suitable manner, and on these axles are journaled theflanged.

J On the rigid flanged track 8 runs a trolley ortraveler17 consisting of two parallel side wheels 21 adapted to run upon the upper surface of the lower flange of the I beam track. Some distance below the positions of the flanged wheels 21 are mounted a pair of shafts 22, the ends of which project through holes 23 in the plates 18 and extend beyond the outer face of said plates, and in the outer ends of these shafts are formed slots 24 with which register locking plates 25, the same being secured to the outer faces of the plates 18 by suitable fastening devices such as bolts 26. These locking plates may be of sufiicient size or length to engage both of the shafts 22 or they may be made very small, so'as to only look one shaft in position. These different constructions may be readily ascertained from Fig. 2 in which both forms are-shown, the larger one being illustrated as holding the two shafts in. position, while the smaller one is shown with relation to an additional hole, whereby one of the shafts may be placed in a different position.

. The shafts are placed in the position illustrated for use with one style of bucket, but when a different style of bucket is used, one of the shafts must be differently positioned, thereby permitting the use of any of the well known buckets with my invention.

.On one of the shafts-22 is journaled a sheave 27 over which runs the hoisting cable 28 from the drum 10 of the hoisting mechanism. The cable is prevented from jumping oil of the sheave by means of a rotatable guide roller or sleeve 29 journaled on a rod 30 secured to the side plates 18, said rod being positioned adjacent the sheave 27. The cable 28 passes from the sheave 27 downward between two guide rods 31 secured to the side plates 18 and through the hole 32 "produced by the two semi-circular notches 33 which are undercut or beveled as at 34. One of the notches is formed in each of the meeting or eoacting edges of the pivoted or hinged traps or locking members 35 and 36. Each of these trap members comprises a body 37 lying between the side plates 18 and normally resting in a horizontal position, a pair of oppositely disposed trunnions 38 projecting from the side edges thereof at their outer ends, and these trunnions are round in cross section and project through holes 39 in the side plates 18, thereby pivotally or hingedly connecting the traps with the side plates of the traveler or trolley.

From the side edges of the body of each trap at the inner or meeting ends thereof also project the integral lugs 40, and these lugs register with oppositely extending ar- 'cuate slots 41 formed in the side plates 18, said slots meeting or being in communication at their lower ends and projecting upwardly and outwardly to form a V shaped channel, and the curvature of these slots is project beyond the outer face in the arc of a circle, of which the trunnion holes 39 are the c-=nters.

@neof the lugs of each of the traps and one of the trunmons of one of the traps must of one of the side plates, and in order that these traps may be interchangeable, all of the lugs and trunnions should project beyond the side plates 18.

()n one of the trunnions of one of the traps as trap 35, is loosely journaled an operating lever 41 having a handle end 42 and a cam end 43, the upper surface of which is arcuate to produce a cam surface 14 adapted to engage the lugs 40 on one side of both the trap members when the handle end of the operating lever is pulled downward, thereby raising and opening the trap members. To one of the side plates 18 is secured an L shaped guide member 45, the shank 46 of which passes through the side plate and overlies the handle portion 42 of the operating lever, so as to act as a stop for said operating lever to limit the upward movement of the handle portion of said le ver.

The leg 47 of the U shaped guide member 15 lies parallel with the side plate 18, is spaced therefrom and projects at an angle across the outer face of the operating lever, the lower end of said leg being free. This leg holds the operating lever in position and prevents the accidental displacement thereof from the trunnion of the trap member. To the outer end of the handle portion of the lever is secured a pull rope 54:.

The cable 2-8 has a loop 48 formed at its end by bending a portion thereof back upon itself and suitably fastening the two strands together as by a cable clamp 49. On the cable is also arranged'a trap opener or separator 50 which consists of a hollow conical shell or casing 51 having a plurality of holes or perforations 52 therein and a filler 53 of some suitable low fusion metal. The shell or casing 51 is formed of some suitable metal preferably steel, and this is placed upon the cable with its apex uppermost. After the loop has been made in the cable and the clamp placed thereon, the conical shell or casing is positioned to surround said clamp, after which the filler such as Babbitt metal is placed in the shell, so as to entirely fill the same, and as a portion of this will enter the perforations 52, all of the parts will be securely fastened together.

On the other shaft 22, to one side of the sheave 27 is journaled another sheave 55 over which runs the bucket operating cable 56 from the drum 11 of the hoisting mechanism to the operating mechanism of the bucket 57 for opening and closing the jaws The bucket carries a hook 58 or other suitable suspending device, which registers with the loop 4C8 of the hoisting cable for attaching said bucket thereto, and if found desirable, the jaws of said bucket may be provided with a suitable latch or hook 59 whereby said jaws may be locked together when they are closed, to prevent the accidental opening thereof during the transit of the bucket from one position to another.

I Between the side plates of the trolley or traveler at one end thereof is mounted a central attaching rod .60, havingan offset portion 61 to which is attached one end of the cable 62, said cable running over suitable guide sheaves or grooved pulleys 63 mount ed at different positions on the frame 7 and wound upon the drum 12 of the hoisting mechanism.

In practice the track 5 is laid along the line or route of the contemplated trench, and as the work is finished along one portion thereof, the frame which is mounted upon wheels and runs on said track may be advanced or moved forward and the track over the finished part of the work taken up and relaid in an advanced position.

To excavate, the bucket is lowered with the jaws open or separated, and when the bucket has come into contact with the earth, the jaws are closed by re-winding the cable 56 upon its drum 11, which will excavate sufficient soil to fill the bucket. When the jaws are entirely closed, they may be fastened or locked together by the locking device 59 which will prevent said aws from being opened until desired. The hoisting cable 28 is then wound upon its drum 10 which will raise the bucket with its contents, and as said bucket is raised, the conical trap opener or separator will enter the hole 33 formed by the notches 32 in the edges of the traps 35 and 36, causing the free or meeting edges thereof to be raised, so that said traps will be opened to permit the passage of the conical separator therebetween,

and after the bucket has been raised a sufiicient distance to permit the conical separator to pass beyond the traps, said traps will re turn to their normal horizontal positions by gravity, and by releasing the hoisting cable 28, the bucket will descend until the base portion of the conical separator rests upon the two traps, thus supporting the bucket and its load entirely upon the trolley or traveler and relieving the tension upon the hoisting cable 28.

After the bucket has been raised to the proper position, and the weight thereof trans ferred from the hoisting cable to the trolley, the cable 62 is then wound upon its drum 12, which will move the trolley and the bucket along the rigid I beam track 8 to the point desired, as for instance that part of the trench in which the work of laying a sewer or pipe has been finished. When the bucket has been moved to the proper place,

the jaws thereof are opened and the load released, after which the hoisting cable 28- is again woundupon its drum 10, causing theunloaded bucket to be raised until the conical separator engages the stop rods 31,

whioh will prevent any further upward movement ofthe bucket. Then by continuing to wind the cable 28 upon .its drum, the

. engage the lugs 40 of the traps 35 and 36,

which will raise and open or separate said 1 traps, and when this is done the bucket is free to descend by releasing the hoisting cable 28. 7

Of course I do not wish to be limited to the exact details of construction as herein shown, as these may be varied within the limits of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and useful is- 1. In a device of the character stated, a trolley consisting of two side plates, axles carried by each plate adjacent their upper ends, wheels journaled on said axles for traveling on a track, shafts passing through said plates and projecting beyond their outer faces, said shafts having slots formed in the projecting ends, locking plates secured to the side plates and registering with the slots in said shafts for holding said shafts in position, sheaves mounted on said shafts over which the cables are adapted to run, a rod secured to the side plates adjacent one of the sheaves, a roller journaled thereon for holding the cable in its sheave, and guide rods secured to the plates for guiding one of said cables.

2. In combination with a trolley includ ing two side plates having pivotal bearing holes and provided with arcuate slots and also including the necessary sheaves for hoisting and operating cables, a pair of traps provided with integral trunnions adapted to register with the pivotal holes for mounting said traps between the plates of the trolley, the meeting edges of said plates having undercut notches therein to form a hole, integral lugs formed with the traps and projecting into the arcuate slots in the plates, a cable'passing over one of the sheaves and through the hole formed by the notches in the meeting edges of the traps, a conical separator secured to the cable and adapted to register with the notches in the traps when the cable is drawn inward or upward for opening said traps, said conical separator also adapted to rest upon said traps when the latter are closed for relieving the major portion of the cable of the load, an operating lever having a handle and an arcuate or cam surface, said operating lever being loosely j ournaled upon one of the trunnions of one of the traps so that When actuated its cam surface Will coact With one of the lugs of each of the traps for opening the latter and an L-shaped guide member, the shank of Which passes through one of the side plates of the trolley and overlies the handle portion of the operating lever to act as a stop for limiting the movement of said lever in one direction.

3. In a device of the character stated, the combination with a trolley including a pair of Weight supporting traps and provided Copies 02 this pateizt may be obtained for with a cable having a loop formed from one of its ends with means for fastening the parts of the cable together forming the loop, of a hollow conical perforated shell mounted on the cable and inclosing the means for fastening the parts of the cable together producing the loop and a filler of low fusion metal in said casing, said casing and filler forming a separator to open the traps and acting as a Weight support When the base 'end rests upon said traps in a closed position.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature JOSEPH PERNA.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0; 

